It's National HIV Testing Day

So notes the Centers for Disease Control:

The majority of the estimated 56,000 new HIV infections that occur each year are transmitted by those who are unaware of their infection. Effective HIV treatments now allow people living with HIV to live long, productive lives, yet nearly 17,000 people with AIDS still die every year in the United States. Despite these troubling statistics, the majority of Americans have still never taken an HIV test. Many people don’t recognize that they’re at risk for HIV infection, even if they engage in behaviors that put them at risk. Others may fear what a positive diagnosis could mean for them, despite the effective treatments now available. And many people don’t yet realize that testing today is quick, easy and confidential. On this National HIV Testing Day, don’t let fear or misinformation stop you from getting tested. I strongly encourage all Americans to get tested for HIV, and to text and tweet hivtest.org to your friends and family to encourage them to do the same. HIV testing is the critical first step to protect yourself and your loved ones from HIV, and to help end the HIV epidemic in the United States.

In addition to the LGBT community health centers, there are many locations in New York City which offer rapid same-day HIV testing. Know your status.

CDC Warns Of Zombie Apocalypse

The official CDC site and blog is today overwhelmed by folks trying to find out more about their elaborate hoax and warning of a zombie apocalypse, which was made tongue-in-cheek because the same emergency preparedness routine is required for hurricanes, apparently.

CDC Responds To End Of African PrEP

The CDC writes us this morning to note their response to the early halting of an African HIV PrEP study, which I mentioned yesterday. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involves taking an HIV medication as a preventive to infection. The CDC expresses disappointment with the cessation of the African study, as "this approach has already been shown to be effective in reducing HIV infection among men who have sex with men."

While PrEP with FTC/TDF was not shown to be effective in preliminary analyses of these study results, it cannot yet be definitely determined whether this drug combination works, or does not work, to prevent HIV among women. FEM-PrEP study investigators will be conducting additional analyses in the coming months to better assess potential reasons for the results in this study – including examining factors such as adherence and differential risk behavior between the two trial arms -- that may account for the lack of demonstrated efficacy in this trial. Investigators from other PrEP trials, including CDC, will be working closely with FHI to review all available data and determine any implications for ongoing research. Given today's results, CDC cautions against women using PrEP for HIV prevention at this time. We will not know if PrEP is effective for women, couples, or injection drug users until the conclusive results of this and other trials are reported.

Canadians Are In Better Shape

Researchers at the CDC say obesity is far less prevalent in Canada than in the United States. And they don't really know why.

About 24 percent of Canadians are obese compared to more than 34 percent of Americans, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study released Wednesday. Researchers looked at height and weight data taken in surveys in both countries during 2007-09. The two countries have different racial demographics. The United States has more black and Hispanic people, and both have higher rates of obesity. But even looking solely at white people, there was still a big difference — a 26 percent obesity rate in Canada compared to 33 percent in the United States. It's not clear why that is, said study-co-author Cynthia Ogden, an epidemiologist with the CDC's National Center for Health Statistics. "We share this border and many other things. It's a question we need to investigate more," said Ogden, whose co-authors included a researcher at Statistics Canada.

Interestingly, the difference in childhood obesity rates in the two nations is "statistically insignificant."

CDC Issues Interim PrEP Guidance

Last last year researchers announced some success in preventing HIV among gay men who were taking a daily dose of the HIV medication Truvada. The concept of warding off infection by pre-dosing with a medication is known as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP.) But alarmed by the prospect for abuse, yesterday the CDC issued some interim PReP guidance as studies continue.

CDC says it wanted to fend off improper use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (or, more catchily, PrEP) as it and other agencies work on more detailed guidelines, which will take “several months.” It says that the drug should only be used in men who have sex with men, since studies in other high-risk groups such as IV drug users are still underway. And it should be used only in high-risk men (with multiple partners or partners from an area with a high prevalence of HIV infection), who are most likely to benefit. Also, the drug isn’t the equivalent of the morning-after pill for HIV; it’s meant to be taken daily. “Support for adherence to the prescribed medication regimen must be a routine component” of PrEP, the CDC says. (In the study, the risk of HIV infection was reduced just 21% in men whose adherence was less than 90%, compared to a 73% lower risk of infection for those with adherence of 90% or better.) And other preventive measures, such as condom use, should continue to be taken.

The wholesale cost of Truvada in the United States is $1000 for a month's supply, a cost unlikely to be covered by insurance when the drug is used as a preventive. In some countries, Truvada costs as little as $12/month.

CDC Reports 1 In 5 Urban Gay Men Are Poz

According to a new report from the Centers For Disease Control, 19% of urban gay and bisexual men are HIV positive but one-quarter to one-half of them don't know it.

Researchers at the CDC studied 8,153 men who have sex with men in 21 U.S. cities. The men were taking part in the 2008 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, which looked at prevalence and awareness of the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Overall, they found that 19 percent of gay men are infected with HIV. The study found that 28 percent of gay black men infected with HIV, compared with 18 percent of Hispanic men and 16 percent of white men. Black men in the study were also least likely to be aware of their infection, with 59 percent unaware of their infection compared with 46 percent of Hispanic men and 26 percent of white men. Age also plays a role. Among 18 to 29-year-old men, 63 percent did not know they were infected with HIV, compared with 37 percent of men aged 30 and older, the team reported in the CDC's weekly report on death and disease.

The CDC recommends at least an annual HIV test for all men who have sex with men.

PhoboQuotable - Wendy Wright

"HIV/AIDS is transmitted through actions -- not by the economy. HIV/AIDS is clearly more prevalent among the homosexual community and the homosexual community as a whole is [wealthier] than the average American. And so this study seems to want to manipulate people's views in order to direct attention away from the causes of HIV/AIDS -- the actions by which they are transmitted -- onto something like government programs to redistribute wealth." - Concerned Women for America president Wendy Wright, who is angry that the CDC studied HIV prevalence among America's impoverished heterosexuals.